2 types of treatment for mitral valve disease (whether stenosis or regurgitation)
-Replacement
-Repair
Replacement is the replacement of the diseased valve with a pig or metal valve
Repair is the repair if the diseased valve without replacing it
Access to the mitral valve is via:
(a) Open heart surgery
Sternotomy is a large incision in front of the chest and splitting the chest bone open and using a heart lung machine while the heart is stopped during surgery
(b)Minimally invasive surgery:
-Minithoracotomy is a cut through the right side of the chest going in between the ribs. Increasingly robot assisted
-Transcatheter. is a tube via the groin
Open heart surgery is used for replacement of the mitral valve, not for repair
Minimally invasive approach is used for repair and increasingly replacement of the mitral valve
The vast majority of Mitral valve disease these days is treated via minimally invasive techniques. Maybe 4 in 5 cases. However, it is important to select the best treatment for the individual patient as replacement may have a better outcome in some cases.
Video about mitral valve regurgitation fundamentals
Questions to ask surgeon/cardiologist:
Please explain my treatment options including non surgery
What are the risk vs benefit of each
If minimally invasive what is the risk of the surgery having to be converted to open heart surgery
Do i need to be on lifelong anticoagulants after any of the above
How many of the recommended treatment have you done and is the hospital also similarly experienced
If something goes wrong, will i be transferred to another hospital or can that hospital deal with most/all complications.